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Neonatal HIV: Sensitivity and Specificity

Introduction: The diagnosis of neonatal HIV is usually made with DNA PCR (as opposed to with adults). Obviously, HIV antibodies will be positive in all children born to HIV positive monthers. HIV RNA may be negative if the mother is on HAART despite newborn infection - however, the DNA PCR (which detects integrated provirus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells) should still be positive.

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Tags: Infection Pediatrics Tag this Diagnosis.

The sensitivity and specificity of findings for Neonatal HIV are listed below. See the left navigation bar to change the display.

Pre-Test Probability (Prevalence): %. Post-Test Probability (Predictive Value): %. Switch to display mode.
**Note that calculating probabilities from more than one finding is inherently inaccurate because findings are not independent. (For example, using two positive findings that share a common pathogenesis is likely to overestimate the true probability.)
Sensitive and Specific Findings
FindingResult SensitivitySpecificity
[ + ] HIV RNA PCR + 0 - 100%100%
[ + ] HIV DNA PCR + 0 - 95%97%
Specific Findings
FindingResult SensitivitySpecificity
[ + ] HIV RNA PCR + 0 - 79%100%
[ + ] HIV RNA PCR + 0 - 47%100%
Sensitive Findings
FindingResult SensitivitySpecificity
[ + ] HIV DNA PCR Sensitivity = 93%
Poorly Diagnostic Findings
FindingResult SensitivitySpecificity
[ + ] HIV DNA PCR Sensitivity = 38%