Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Sensitivity and Specificity

Introduction: None written.

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Prevalence

Population / Calculator	Prevalence	Comments / Study / Link
1000	2%
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The sensitivity and specificity of findings for Human Immunodeficiency Virus are listed below. See the left navigation bar to change the display.

Sensitive and Specific Findings

Finding	Sensitivity	Specificity	Comments, Study
p24 Antigen	89%	100%	Study: Ann Intern Med 2001 Jan 2;134(1):25-9. PMID 11187417
Blood Rapid Antibody Test	99.7%	99.9%	from whole blood Study: AIDS. 2006 Aug 1;20(12):1655-1660. PMID 16868447
Western Blot	99.3%	99.7%	'window period' of seronegativity is approximately 3-6 weeks in newest-generation assays. p24 antigen should be sensitive in this timeframe. Study: CDC Survey, cited in UpToDate http://www.utdol.com/online/content/topic.do?topicKey=hiv_infe/5102
HIV RNA PCR	100%	97%	All false positives had levels < 2000 copies/ml. Study: Ann Intern Med 2001 Jan 2;134(1):25-9. PMID 11187417
Oral Rapid Antibody Test	99.9%	96.9%	aka "OraSure" or "OraQuick" . Another study found sens = 99.1% and spec = 99.6%. Study: sens: JAMA 1997 Jan 15;277(3):254-8. PMID 9005276 spec: Ann Intern Med. 2008 Aug 5;149(3):153-60. PMID 18678842 alternative: AIDS. 2006 Aug 1;20(12):1655-1660. PMID 16868447

Specific Findings

Finding	Sensitivity	Specificity	Comments, Study
Genital Ulcer	8%	99%	Study: Wood, E., Kerr, T., Rowell, G., Montaner, J. S. G., Phillips, P., Korthuis, P. T., & Simel, D. L. (2014). Does This Adult Patient Have Early HIV Infection? JAMA, 312(3), 278. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.5954
genital wart	2%	99%	Study: Wood, E., Kerr, T., Rowell, G., Montaner, J. S. G., Phillips, P., Korthuis, P. T., & Simel, D. L. (2014). Does This Adult Patient Have Early HIV Infection? JAMA, 312(3), 278. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.5954
Swollen Lymph Nodes	11%	98%	Study: Wood, E., Kerr, T., Rowell, G., Montaner, J. S. G., Phillips, P., Korthuis, P. T., & Simel, D. L. (2014). Does This Adult Patient Have Early HIV Infection? JAMA, 312(3), 278. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.5954
Diarrhea	8%	98%	Study: Wood, E., Kerr, T., Rowell, G., Montaner, J. S. G., Phillips, P., Korthuis, P. T., & Simel, D. L. (2014). Does This Adult Patient Have Early HIV Infection? JAMA, 312(3), 278. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.5954
Emesis	13%	97%	Study: Wood, E., Kerr, T., Rowell, G., Montaner, J. S. G., Phillips, P., Korthuis, P. T., & Simel, D. L. (2014). Does This Adult Patient Have Early HIV Infection? JAMA, 312(3), 278. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.5954
nausea	10%	97%	Study: Wood, E., Kerr, T., Rowell, G., Montaner, J. S. G., Phillips, P., Korthuis, P. T., & Simel, D. L. (2014). Does This Adult Patient Have Early HIV Infection? JAMA, 312(3), 278. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.5954
Weight loss	21%	96%	Study: Wood, E., Kerr, T., Rowell, G., Montaner, J. S. G., Phillips, P., Korthuis, P. T., & Simel, D. L. (2014). Does This Adult Patient Have Early HIV Infection? JAMA, 312(3), 278. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.5954
Arthralgia	16%	96%	Study: Wood, E., Kerr, T., Rowell, G., Montaner, J. S. G., Phillips, P., Korthuis, P. T., & Simel, D. L. (2014). Does This Adult Patient Have Early HIV Infection? JAMA, 312(3), 278. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.5954
Oral ulcer	13%	96%	Study: Wood, E., Kerr, T., Rowell, G., Montaner, J. S. G., Phillips, P., Korthuis, P. T., & Simel, D. L. (2014). Does This Adult Patient Have Early HIV Infection? JAMA, 312(3), 278. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.5954
Night Sweats	12%	96%	Study: Wood, E., Kerr, T., Rowell, G., Montaner, J. S. G., Phillips, P., Korthuis, P. T., & Simel, D. L. (2014). Does This Adult Patient Have Early HIV Infection? JAMA, 312(3), 278. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.5954
Rash	6%	96%	Study: Wood, E., Kerr, T., Rowell, G., Montaner, J. S. G., Phillips, P., Korthuis, P. T., & Simel, D. L. (2014). Does This Adult Patient Have Early HIV Infection? JAMA, 312(3), 278. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.5954
Fatigue	22%	92%	Study: Wood, E., Kerr, T., Rowell, G., Montaner, J. S. G., Phillips, P., Korthuis, P. T., & Simel, D. L. (2014). Does This Adult Patient Have Early HIV Infection? JAMA, 312(3), 278. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.5954
Headache	18%	91%	Study: Wood, E., Kerr, T., Rowell, G., Montaner, J. S. G., Phillips, P., Korthuis, P. T., & Simel, D. L. (2014). Does This Adult Patient Have Early HIV Infection? JAMA, 312(3), 278. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.5954
Fever	33%	90%	Study: Wood, E., Kerr, T., Rowell, G., Montaner, J. S. G., Phillips, P., Korthuis, P. T., & Simel, D. L. (2014). Does This Adult Patient Have Early HIV Infection? JAMA, 312(3), 278. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.5954

Findings With Unspecified Accuracy

Thrush

No accuracy specified.

Study: no study specified.

Salivary gland enlargement, bilateral

No accuracy specified.

Study: no study specified.