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Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Sensitivity and Specificity

Introduction: None written.

[Edit Diagnosis] [Merge dx] [Add prevalence]

Tags: Infection Tag this Diagnosis.

Prevalence

Population / CalculatorPrevalence Comments / Study / Link
1000 2%
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The sensitivity and specificity of findings for Human Immunodeficiency Virus are listed below. See the left navigation bar to change the display.

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Finding SensitivitySpecificity Comments, Study
Blood Rapid Antibody Test Edit 99.7%99.9%

from whole blood

Study: AIDS. 2006 Aug 1;20(12):1655-1660. PMID 16868447

HIV RNA PCR Edit 100%97%

All false positives had levels < 2000 copies/ml.

Study: Ann Intern Med 2001 Jan 2;134(1):25-9. PMID 11187417

Oral Rapid Antibody Test Edit 99.9%96.9%

aka "OraSure" or "OraQuick" . Another study found sens = 99.1% and spec = 99.6%.

Study: sens: JAMA 1997 Jan 15;277(3):254-8. PMID 9005276

spec: Ann Intern Med. 2008 Aug 5;149(3):153-60. PMID 18678842

alternative: AIDS. 2006 Aug 1;20(12):1655-1660. PMID 16868447

p24 Antigen Edit 89%100%

Study: Ann Intern Med 2001 Jan 2;134(1):25-9. PMID 11187417

Salivary gland enlargement, bilateral Edit No accuracy specified.

Study: no study specified.

Thrush Edit No accuracy specified.

Study: no study specified.

Western Blot Edit 99.3%99.7%

'window period' of seronegativity is approximately 3-6 weeks in newest-generation assays. p24 antigen should be sensitive in this timeframe.

Study: CDC Survey, cited in UpToDate

http://www.utdol.com/online/content/topic.do?topicKey=hiv_infe/5102