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Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: Likelihood Ratios

Introduction: This reflects the clinical entity of a pneumonia developing while a patient is on a ventilator (not a Community-Acquired Pneumonia). Thus, this will occur after the patient has been on the ventilator for days, not as the initial presenting disease.

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Tags: Infection Pulmonary Tag this Diagnosis.

The likelihood ratios of findings for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia are listed below. See the left navigation bar to change the display.

Pre-Test Probability (Prevalence): %. Post-Test Probability (Predictive Value): %. Switch to display mode.
**Note that calculating probabilities from more than one finding is inherently inaccurate because findings are not independent. (For example, using two positive findings that share a common pathogenesis is likely to overestimate the true probability.)
Blood Test
FindingResult +LR-LR
[ + ] Leukocytosis + 0 - 1.30.7
Imaging
FindingResult +LR-LR
[ + ] Chest X-Ray + 0 - 1.70.4
Physical Exam
FindingResult +LR-LR
[ + ] hearing loss + 0 - 1.20.9
Renal
FindingResult +LR-LR
[ + ] hearing loss + 0 - 1.20.9
Vital Signs
FindingResult +LR-LR
[ + ] hearing loss + 0 - 1.20.9
Untagged
FindingResult +LR-LR
[ + ] Air Bronchogram + 0 - 3.80.9
[ + ] Air Bronchogram + 0 - 20.3
[ + ] Atelectasis + 0 - 0.81.1
[ + ] BAL Culture + 0 - 1.40.8
[ + ] Bronchial Aspirate Culture + 0 - 9.60.4
[ + ] Fever, Leukocytosis, and Purulent Sputum + 0 - 2.80.4
[ + ] Hypoxemia + 0 - 1.10.9
[ + ] Intracellular Bacteria in BAL + 0 - 11
[ + ] Neutrophilic BAL Sensitivity = 95%
[ + ] Purulent Sputum + 0 - 1.30.6