Shoulder Instability: Sensitivity and Specificity

Introduction: None written.

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The sensitivity and specificity of findings for Shoulder Instability are listed below. See the left navigation bar to change the display.

Sensitive and Specific Findings

Anterior Release Test

92%

89%

The anterior release test is conducted in a similar manner as the relocation test, then the examiner’s hand is removed suddenly, releasing pressure on the humeral head (pain reappears).

Study: JAMA. 2004 Oct 27;292(16):1989-99. PMID: 15507585

Specific Findings

Relocation Test

84%

87%

performed to relieve symptoms (pain and apprehension) of instability, is conducted with the patient supine and the arm abducted to 90° and externally rotated to 90°. Downward (posterior) pressure is applied to the humeral head.

Study: JAMA. 2004 Oct 27;292(16):1989-99. PMID: 15507585

Sensitive Findings

Apprehension Test

88%

50%

It is conducted with the patient sitting or standing, with the arm placed in 90° abduction and 90° external rotation and the elbow flexed 90°. Pressure is applied to the posterior aspect of the humerus (the patient experiences pain/discomfort).

Study: JAMA. 2004 Oct 27;292(16):1989-99. PMID: 15507585