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Cardiac Tamponade: Sensitivity and Specificity

Introduction: Tamponade is an important diagnosis to recognize because of its potential to cause life-threatening hypotension. However, note that hypotension is only present in 24% of patients, at least initially!

[Most of the studies are asking the question: of patients with pericardial effusions, which ones have hemodynamic compromise, i.e. tamponade?]

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Tags: Cardiac Problem Tag this Diagnosis.

The sensitivity and specificity of findings for Cardiac Tamponade are listed below. See the left navigation bar to change the display.

Pre-Test Probability (Prevalence): %. Post-Test Probability (Predictive Value): %. Switch to display mode.
**Note that calculating probabilities from more than one finding is inherently inaccurate because findings are not independent. (For example, using two positive findings that share a common pathogenesis is likely to overestimate the true probability.)
Specific Findings
FindingResult SensitivitySpecificity
[ + ] Diminished Heart Sounds + 0 - 24%100%
Sensitive Findings
FindingResult SensitivitySpecificity
[ + ] Pulsus Paradoxus + 0 - 98%83%
[ + ] Elevated JVP + 0 - 88%83%
[ + ] Tachycardia + 0 - 88%67%
[ + ] Dyspnea Sensitivity = 88%
Poorly Diagnostic Findings
FindingResult SensitivitySpecificity
[ + ] Hypotension + 0 - 24%83%
[ + ] hearing loss Sensitivity = 25%
[ + ] Chest Pain Sensitivity = 20%
[ + ] Cough Sensitivity = 10%